Kev paub txog shrinkage ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntau tshaj plaws

Synthetic fibers thiab blended textiles muaj qhov tsawg tshaj plaws shrinkage tus nqi, ua raws li cov ntaub plaub, linen fabrics, thiab paj rwb ntaub.

Objectively hais lus, tag nrho cov paj rwb fabrics muaj qhov teeb meem ntawm shrinking thiab fading, tus yuam sij yog qhov xov. Yog li ntawd, lub tsev textile fabrics yog pre-shrinked.

Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias kev kho mob ua ntej shrinking tsis txhais hais tias nws tsis ntsws, tab sis hais tias lub shrinkage tus nqi yog tswj ntawm 3 feem pua ​​-4 feem pua ​​ntawm lub teb chaws tus qauv, thiab cov ris tsho hauv qab ntaub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov natural fiber ntaub, yuav txo qis. Yog li ntawd, thaum yuav cov ntaub, ntxiv rau kev xaiv qhov zoo, xim thiab qauv ntawm cov ntaub, qhov shrinkage tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub yuav tsum tau to taub.

1. Cov nyhuv ntawm fiber ntau thiab shrinkage

Tom qab cov fiber nws tus kheej nqus dej, nws yuav o mus rau ib qho twg. Feem ntau cov o ntawm cov fibers yog anisotropic (tshwj tsis yog rau nylon), uas yog, qhov ntev yog luv thiab txoj kab uas hla yog nce. Feem ntau, qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev ntawm cov ntaub ua ntej thiab tom qab nws tau tso tawm thiab nws qhov ntev ntev yog hu ua tus nqi shrinkage. Lub zog nqus dej muaj peev xwm, qhov hnyav dua qhov o, qhov siab dua qhov shrinkage tus nqi, thiab qhov loj dua qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov ntaub.

Qhov ntev ntawm cov ntaub nws tus kheej txawv ntawm qhov ntev ntawm cov xov paj (silk) xov siv, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm ob feem ntau yog qhia los ntawm tus nqi shrinkage.

Weaving shrinkage (%)=[yarn (silk) line length - fabric length] / npuag ntev

Tom qab cov ntaub yog nyob rau hauv dej, qhov ntev ntawm cov ntaub yog ntxiv shortened vim o ntawm fiber nws tus kheej, uas ua rau ib tug shrinkage tus nqi. Lub shrinkage tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub yog txawv, thiab qhov luaj li cas ntawm shrinkage tus nqi yog txawv. Cov qauv ntaub so ntswg thiab qhov nro ntawm cov ntaub nws tus kheej txawv, thiab tus nqi shrinkage txawv. Thaum lub weaving nro me me, cov ntaub yog compact thiab tuab, thiab weaving shrinkage tus nqi yog loj, thiab shrinkage tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub yog me me; qhov nro weaving yog loj, cov ntaub yog xoob thiab nyias, weaving shrinkage tus nqi me me, thiab shrinkage tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub yog loj. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem dyeing thiab xov, thiaj li yuav txo tau qhov shrinkage tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub, pre-shrinking feem ntau yog siv los ua kom cov weft ceev thiab nce tus nqi shrinkage ua ntej, yog li txo qhov shrinkage tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub.

2. Yog vim li cas rau shrinkage:

(1) Thaum cov fiber ntau spinning, los yog thaum lub xov paj yog weaving thiab dyeing, cov xov paj fiber ntau nyob rau hauv cov ntaub yog stretched los yog deformed los ntawm sab nraud quab yuam, thiab cov xov paj fiber thiab ntaub qauv tsim nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab, uas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug static qhuav so. xeev. , los yog nyob rau hauv lub zoo li qub ntub so lub xeev, los yog nyob rau hauv lub dynamic ntub so lub xeev los yog tag nrho cov so ntawm lub xeev, kev tso tawm ntawm sab hauv kev nyuaj siab ntawm txawv degrees ua rau cov xov paj fibers thiab fabrics rov qab mus rau thawj lub xeev.

(2) Cov fibers sib txawv thiab lawv cov ntaub muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov shrinkage, feem ntau yog nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv cov fibers - cov degree ntawm shrinkage ntawm hydrophilic fibers yog loj, xws li paj rwb, hemp, viscose thiab lwm yam fibers; thaum lub shrinkage ntawm hydrophobic fibers mus rau ib tug tsawg npaum li cas, xws li hluavtaws fibers, thiab lwm yam.

(3) Thaum cov fiber ntau nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntub dej, nws yuav nthuav dav vim qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov kua immersion, uas yuav ua rau kom cov fiber ntau. Piv txwv li, ntawm cov ntaub, lub vojvoog ntawm curvature ntawm cov fiber ntau ntawm qhov sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntaub yog yuam kom nce, uas ua rau lub shortening ntawm cov ntaub ntev. Piv txwv li, paj rwb fibers nthuav nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm dej, qhov cross-sectional cheeb tsam nce 40 ~ 50 feem pua, thiab qhov ntev nce los ntawm 1 ~ 2 feem pua, thaum hluavtaws fibers shrinkage los ntawm tshav kub, xws li boiling dej shrinkage, feem ntau txog 5. feem pua.

(4) Thaum cov khoom siv fiber ntau yog cua sov, cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov fiber ntau hloov thiab ntsws, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau qhov qub qub tom qab txias, uas yog hu ua thermal shrinkage ntawm fiber. Qhov feem pua ​​ntawm qhov ntev ua ntej tshav kub shrinkage thiab tom qab tshav kub shrinkage yog hu ua cua sov shrinkage tus nqi, uas feem ntau yog ntsuas los ntawm boiling dej shrinkage. Nyob rau hauv boiling dej ntawm 100 degree, qhov feem pua ​​ntawm fiber ntev shrinkage yog qhia; cua kub kuj siv tau. Qhov feem pua ​​ntawm shrinkage yog ntsuas nyob rau hauv lub chav txoj kev, thiab qhov feem pua ​​ntawm shrinkage yog ntsuas nyob rau hauv lub chav tshaj 100 degree. Fibers coj txawv txawv vim muaj kev sib txawv xws li cov qauv sab hauv, cua sov thiab lub sijhawm. Piv txwv li, lub boiling dej shrinkage tus nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem polyester staple fiber yog 1 feem pua, cov boiling dej shrinkage tus nqi ntawm vinylon yog 5 feem pua, thiab cov cua kub shrinkage tus nqi ntawm vinylon yog 50 feem pua. Fibers yog ze ze rau lub dimension stability ntawm textile processing thiab fabrics, uas muab ib co hauv paus rau tsim ntawm cov txheej txheem tom ntej.

3. Tus nqi shrinkage ntawm cov ntaub dav dav yog:

Paj rwb 4 feem pua ​​--10 feem pua ​​;

Cov tshuaj fiber ntau 4 feem pua ​​--8 feem pua ​​;

Paj rwb polyester 3.5 feem pua ​​--5 5 feem pua ​​;

Cov ntaub dawb huv yog 3 feem pua;

Cov ntaub xiav ntaub yog 3-4 feem pua ​​;

Poplin yog 3-4.5 feem pua ​​;

Paj ntaub yog 3-3.5 feem pua ​​;

4 feem pua ​​rau twill;

Cov ntaub ua haujlwm yog 10 feem pua;

Rayon yog 10 feem pua.

4. Cov laj thawj cuam tshuam rau tus nqi shrinkage:

1. Cov khoom siv raw

Cov khoom siv raw ntawm cov ntaub yog txawv, thiab tus nqi shrinkage txawv. Feem ntau hais lus, fibers nrog siab hygroscopicity yuav nthuav tom qab soaking hauv dej, lawv txoj kab uas hla yuav nce, thiab lawv ntev yuav luv, thiab lawv shrinkage tus nqi yuav loj. Yog tias qee cov viscose fibers muaj qhov nqus dej txog li 13 feem pua, thaum cov ntaub hluavtaws fiber ntau muaj qhov nqus dej tsis zoo, lawv qhov shrinkage tsawg.

2. Ceev ceev

Qhov ceev ntawm cov ntaub yog txawv, thiab tus nqi shrinkage kuj txawv. Yog hais tias warp thiab weft ntom zoo ib yam, qhov warp thiab weft shrinkage tus nqi kuj zoo sib xws. Cov ntaub nrog siab warp ceev yuav shrink zoo heev nyob rau hauv lub warp kev taw qhia. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yog tias peb lub ntom ntom yog ntau dua li uas nyob rau hauv lub warp ceev, shrinkage nyob rau hauv peb txoj kev taw qhia yuav loj.

3. xov paj thickness

Lub thickness ntawm cov xov paj suav ntawm cov ntaub yog txawv, thiab tus nqi shrinkage kuj txawv. Cov ntaub nrog cov xov paj ntxhib suav nrog cov nqi qis dua, thaum cov ntaub nrog cov xov paj zoo suav tau qis dua.

4. Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm

Txawv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm muaj qhov sib txawv shrinkage tus nqi. Feem ntau hais lus, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm weaving thiab dyeing thiab xov ntawm fabrics, lub fibers yuav tsum tau stretched ntau zaus, lub sij hawm ua yog ntev, thiab lub shrinkage ntawm cov ntaub nrog nruj nreem yog ntau dua, thiab vice versa.

5. Fiber muaj pes tsawg leeg

Piv nrog cov hluavtaws fibers (xws li polyester thiab acrylic), cov nroj tsuag ntuj fibers (xws li paj rwb, hemp) thiab cov nroj tsuag regenerated fibers (xws li viscose) yog ib qho yooj yim kom nqus noo noo thiab nthuav, yog li tus nqi shrinkage loj dua, thaum cov ntaub plaub yog vim li cas. mus rau lub scale qauv ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub fiber. Thiab nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau kev xav, uas cuam tshuam rau nws qhov seem stability.

6. Cov qauv ntaub

Feem ntau, qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov ntaub npuag yog zoo dua li ntawm knitted fabrics; qhov seem stability ntawm high-density fabrics yog zoo dua li ntawm tsawg-density fabrics. Hauv cov ntaub woven, qhov shrinkage tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub weave yog feem ntau me dua li ntawm flannel fabrics; thiab nyob rau hauv knitted fabrics, qhov shrinkage tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub knitted dawb yog me dua li ntawm cov ntaub npuag.

7. Kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm

Vim hais tias cov ntaub yog inevitably stretched los ntawm lub tshuab nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm dyeing, printing thiab xov, muaj nro ntawm cov ntaub. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntaub yog yooj yim de-tensioned thaum raug dej, yog li peb yuav pom tias cov ntaub shrinks tom qab ntxuav. Hauv cov txheej txheem tiag tiag, peb feem ntau siv ua ntej shrinking los daws qhov teeb meem no.

8. Cov txheej txheem ntxuav thiab tu

Kev tu ntxhua khaub ncaws suav nrog kev ntxhua khaub ncaws, ziab, thiab ironing, txhua qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov shrinkage ntawm cov ntaub. Piv txwv li, qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov qauv ntxuav tes yog qhov zoo dua li cov qauv ntawm lub tshuab ntxuav, thiab qhov ntsuas kub ntawm lub tshuab ntxhua kuj cuam tshuam rau nws qhov kev ruaj ntseg. Feem ntau, qhov kub thiab txias, qhov kev ruaj ntseg zoo dua. Txoj kev ziab ntawm cov qauv kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau lub shrinkage ntawm cov ntaub.

Feem ntau siv txoj kev ziab khaub ncaws muaj xws li drip drying, hlau mesh tiling, dai kom qhuav thiab tumble drying. Ntawm lawv, txoj kev drip drying muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov ntaub, thaum lub nruas ziab txoj kev muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov ntaub, thiab ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv nruab nrab.

Tsis tas li ntawd, xaiv qhov tsim nyog ironing kub raws li qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ntaub tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov shrinkage ntawm cov ntaub. Piv txwv li, paj rwb thiab linen fabrics tuaj yeem ironed ntawm qhov kub thiab txias los txhim kho lawv qhov me me shrinkage. Tab sis nws tsis yog qhov kub thiab txias, qhov zoo dua. Rau cov hluavtaws fibers, high-temperature ironing yuav tsis tsuas yog txhim kho nws cov shrinkage tus nqi, tab sis yuav ua rau nws cov kev ua tau zoo, xws li cov ntaub yog tawv thiab nkig.